Amount
Of Touching
External
Haptic communication is a form of nonverbal communication and the way
by which people and other animals communicate via touching. Touch, or the
haptic sense, is extremely important for humans; as well as providing
information about surfaces and textures it is a component of nonverbal
communication in interpersonal
relationships, and vital in
conveying physical intimacy. There are six different kinds of
"touch".
A pat on the back, a caress of the arm—these are everyday,
incidental gestures that we usually take for granted, thanks to our amazingly
dexterous hands.
But after years spent immersed in the science of touch, I can
tell you that they are far more profound than we usually realize: They are our
primary language of compassion, and a primary means for spreading compassion.
In recent years, a wave
of studies has documented some incredible emotional and physicalhealth benefits
that come from touch. This research is suggesting that touch is truly
fundamental to human communication, bonding, and health.
In my own lab, in a
study led by my former student Matt Hertenstein (now a professor at DePauw
University), we asked whether humans can clearly communicate compassion through
touch.
Internal
. Indonesia, have different cultures in other
countries, such as shaking hands, in Indonesia, shaking the older ones, to be
more polite kiss the hands of older people
people of Javanese culture, a child shall sungkeman to her
parents in order to be given approval for what he wants done
by the child.
Kind
Of Eye Contact
External
Patterns of eye contact are different across
cultures. Some Americans feel uncomfortable with the "gaze" that is
sometimes associated with Arab or Indian communication patterns. For Americans,
this style of eye contact is too intense. Yet too little eye contact may also
be viewed negatively, because it may convey a lack of interest, inattention, or
even mistrust. The relationship between the lack of eye contact and
mistrust in the American culture is
stated directly in the expression "Never trust a person who doesn't look
you in the eyes." In contrast, in many other parts of the world
(especially in Asian countries), a person's lack of eye contact toward an
authority figure signifies respect and deference.
Eye contact is important because insufficient or
excessive eye contact can create communication
II.
Internal
1. eye contact in the china, in contrast with the
eye contact in Indonesia. Most of Indonesian children when scolded by his
mother, definitely turned it down. But the Chinese people, children when scolded turned down, considered rude and did not hear what she said.
most Indonesian people, feel embarrassed when
looking into the eyes of people he talked to. Because they are not accustomed
to it. Eye contact on Indonesian culture, in contrast to the required kingdonm
united face to face.
Distance Between
People
I.
External
1.
Unconsciously, we all keep a comfortable
distance around us when we interact with other people. This distance has had
several names over the years, including "personal space,"
"interpersonal distance," "comfort zone," and "body
bubble." This space between us and another person forms invisible walls
that define how comfortable we feel at various distances from other people.
Welina The
amount of space changes depending on the nature of the relationship. For
example, we are usually more comfortable standing closer to family members than
to strangers. Personality also determines the size of the area with which we
are comfortable when talking to people. Introverts often prefer to interact
with others at a greater distance than do extroverts. Culture styles are
important too. A Japanese employer and employee usually stand farther apart
while talking than their American counterparts. Latin Americans and Arabs tend
to stand closer than Americans do when talking.
Qhila For
Americans, the usual distance in social conversation ranges from about an arm's
length to four feet. Less space in the American culture may be associated with
either greater intimacy or aggressive behavior. The common practice of saying
"Excuse me," for the slightest accidental touching of another person
reveals how uncomfortable Americans are if people get too close. Thus, a person
whose "space" has been intruded upon by another may feel threatened
and react defensively. In cultures where close physical contact is acceptable
and even desirable, Americans may be perceived as cold and distant.
2.
Zhoovi Culture does not always determine the
message of nonverbal communication. The individual's personality, the context,
and the relationship also influence its meaning. However, like verbal language,
nonverbal language is linked to person's cultural background. People are
generally comfortable with others who have "body language" similar to
their own. One research study demonstrated that when British graduate students
imitated some Arab patterns of nonverbal behavior (making increased eye
contact, smiling, and directly facing their Arab partners), the Arabs felt that
these students were more likeable and trustworthy than most of the other
British students.
Liana When one
person's nonverbal language matches that of another, there is increased
comfort. In nonverbal communication across cultures there are similarities and
differences. Whether we choose to emphasize the former or the latter, the
"silent language" is much louder than it first appears.
II.
Internal
1.
Culture of Indonesia, if the talk should have a
considerable distance, especially if they are Moslem, because, they are not
mahram. If they are married, it was allowed in, but if they arenot married, they are not allowed to say too
near.
Type of facial
Expressions
External
1.
Facial expressions carry meaning that
is determined by situations and relationships. For instance, in American
culture the smile is typically an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other functions. A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show affection, convey politeness, or disguise true feelings. For example many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to
be unusual and even suspicious behavior. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places
(although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover emotional pain or embarrassment. Vietnamese people may tell the sad story of how they had to leave their country but end the story with a smile.
2.
Chynika Our faces reveal emotions and
attitudes, but we should not attempt to "read" people from another
culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The degree
of facial expressiveness one exhibits varies among individuals and cultures. The
fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do
members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather,
there are cultural restraints on the amount of nonverbal expressiveness
permitted. For example, in public and formal situations many Japanese do not
show their emotions asfreely as Americans do. More privately and with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. Many teachers in the United States have a difficult time knowing whether their Japanese students understand and enjoy their lessons. The American teacher is looking for more facial responsiveness than what the Japanese student is comfortable with in the classroom situation.
Alisya
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because
of individual and ethnic differences in the United States. People from certain
ethnic backgrounds in the United States tend to more facially expressive than
others. The key, is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions
are different. If we judge according to our own cultural norms, we may make the
mistake of "reading' the other person incorrectly.
II.
Internal
1.
Usually, a lot of people who harbored
anger, he did not want to vent his anger. So, he could have been the stress of thinking about other people's mistakes and want to reply to someone else's fault. Things like this, should be wipe out
in our lives. And then, this is just a lot of people.
Amount Of Gesturing
External
Gestures are specific body movements
thatcarry meaning. Hand motions alone can convey many meanings: "Come here," Go away," It's
okay," and "That's expensive!" are just a few examples. The gestures for these phrases often differ across cultures. For example, beckoning people to come with the palm up is common in
the United States. This same gesture in the Philippines, Korea, and parts of Latin America as well as other countries is considered rude. In
some countries, only an animal would be beckoned with the palm up.
2.
As children, we imitate and learn to use these
nonverbal movements to accompany or replace words. When traveling
to another country, foreign visitors soon learn that not all gestures are universal. For example, the "O.K." gesture in the American culture is a symbol for money in Japan. This same gesture is obscene in some Latin American countries. (This is why the editors of a Brazilian newspaper enjoyed publishing a picture
of a former American president giving the "O.K." symbol with
both hands!). Many American business executives enjoy relaxing with their feet up on their desks. But to show a person from Saudi Arabia or Thailand the sole of one's foot is extremely insulting, because the foot is considered the dirtiest part of the body. Can you imagine the reaction in Thailand when a foreign shoe company distributed an advertisement showing a pair of shoes next to a sacred sculpture of Budda?
to another country, foreign visitors soon learn that not all gestures are universal. For example, the "O.K." gesture in the American culture is a symbol for money in Japan. This same gesture is obscene in some Latin American countries. (This is why the editors of a Brazilian newspaper enjoyed publishing a picture
of a former American president giving the "O.K." symbol with
both hands!). Many American business executives enjoy relaxing with their feet up on their desks. But to show a person from Saudi Arabia or Thailand the sole of one's foot is extremely insulting, because the foot is considered the dirtiest part of the body. Can you imagine the reaction in Thailand when a foreign shoe company distributed an advertisement showing a pair of shoes next to a sacred sculpture of Budda?
II.
Internal
1.
show 1 finger has many meanings, such as,
prohibit, enjoin, and others. Indonesian culture that most people.
Source: www.rpi.edu
Name : Andi Azizah Nur Fadhilah
No.Reg : 02
Class : Acceleration 2
School : Junior High School 06 Makassar
Name : Andi Azizah Nur Fadhilah
No.Reg : 02
Class : Acceleration 2
School : Junior High School 06 Makassar
